present continuousand past simple

look at these sentences find out some difference-

I have visited Delhi .

I went to college yesterday.

I have you taken lunch.

Ii watched this movie in2003 with my family.

all these sentences are correct but have some common difference.

we use present perfect for present if work is finished but have some links to present.

if we want to specific the action which has happened in past but something exists in present or something is remained to happen or there are connection with that action which has finished.

look at these examples

I have finished my homework.

I have passed 12th class.

I have lost my keys.

it means all these action are connected with present and it may be going on. we can use just,yet,so far,ever, already,recently with has and have to mention something...

have you taken lunch

i have already taken it.

have you ever been to Delhi?

he has not come ,yet

i have got good marks so far .

Form

Simple Past	Present Perfect Simple
irregular verbs: see 2nd column of irregular verbs Example: I spoke	irregular verbs: form of 'have' + 3rd column of irregular verbs Example: I / you / we / they have spoken he / she / it has spoken
regular verbs: infinitive + ed Example: I worked	regular verbs: form of 'have' + infinitive + ed Example: I / you / we / they have worked he / she / it has worked
Exceptions
Exceptions when adding 'ed': when the final letter is e, only add d Example: love - loved after a short, stressed vowel, the final consonant is doubled Example: admit - admitted final l is always doubled in British English (not in American English) Example: travel - travelled after a consonant, final y becomes i (but: not after a vowel) Example: worry - worried but: play - played

Use

In British English, the use of Simple Past and Present Perfect is quite strict. As soon as a time expression in the past is given, you have to use Simple Past. If there are no signal words, you must decide if we just talk about an action in the past or if its consequence in the present is important.

Note that the following explanations and exercises refer to British English only. In American English, you can normally use Simple Past instead of Present Perfect. We cannot accept this in our exercises, however, as this would lead to confusions amongst those who have to learn the differences.

Certain time in the past or just / already / yet?

Do you want to express that an action happened at a certain time in the past (even if it was just a few seconds ago) or that an action has just / already / not yet happened?

Simple Past	Present Perfect Simple
certain time in the past Example: I phoned Mary 2 minutes ago.	just / already / not yet Example: I have just phoned Mary.

Certain event in the past or how often so far?

Do you want to express when a certain action took place or whether / how often an action has happened till now?

Simple Past	Present Perfect Simple
certain event in the past Example: He went to Canada last summer.	whether / how often till now Example: Have you ever been to Canada? / I have been to Canada twice.

Emphasis on action or result?

Do you just want to express what happened in the past? Or do you want to emphasise the result (a past action's consequence in the present)?

Simple Past	Present Perfect Simple
Emphasis on action Example: I bought a new bike. (just telling what I did in the past.)	Emphasis on result Example: I have bought a new bike. (With this sentence I actually want to express that I have a new bike now.)

Signal Words

Simple Past	Present Perfect Simple
yesterday ... ago in 1990 the other day last ...	just already up to now until now / till now ever (not) yet so far lately / recently

past simple is always used for past. it means work is completely finished and has no link to present. present always include present perfect and past includes past simple. something has finished and that has no links to present time like;

she  took sweet in hi friend's party yesterday.

he  did my metric education from america

all these above sentences mentions that work has finished. we can mention time like yesterday, before,ago,long time ago and some other adverbs which includes.

सिंपल पास्ट का मतलव है कोई कम पूरी तरह से समाप्त हो चूका है और प्रसेंट परफेक्ट का मतलव कम अभी बाकि है य काम जारी है .

इंग्लिश लेस्सों

Present perfect continuous

(Remember that British and American English have different rules for the use of the present perfect. The comments and the exercises here refer to correct grammar for British English. In American English, it is often considered acceptable to use the past simple in some of these examples.)

The past simple is used to talk about actions in the past that have finished. It talks about 'then' and definitely excludes 'now'.

The present perfect simple to look back on actions in the past from the present. It always includes 'now'.

These sentences are in the past with no connection to the present.

• I first got to know him 10 years ago.
• I started work here in 1989.
• I had too much to eat at lunchtime.

Now look at these same situations seen from the present.

• I've known him for 10 years.
• I've worked here since 1987.
• My stomach hurts. I've eaten too much.

We use time expressions like 'yesterday', 'ago', 'last year', 'in 1999' with the past simple.

• We spoke to him yesterday.
• He came in a few moments ago.
• We made our last purchase from them over a year ago.
• She joined the company in 1999.

We use time expressions like are 'ever', 'never', 'since' with the present perfect.

• I've never seen so many people here before.
• Have you ever been more surprised?
• I've done a lot since we last talked about it.

Typical time expressions used with the present perfect in British English but often used with the past simple in American English are 'already', 'just', 'yet'.

• I haven't done it yet. (UK)
• I didn't do it yet. (US)
• I've just done it. (UK)
• 
  

  • I just did it. (US)

  I've already done it. (UK)
• I already did it. (US)

We can use the time phrase 'for' with both forms, but with different meanings.

• I lived in Paris for a couple of years before I moved here.
• I've lived in Paris for a couple of years and still love it.